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Comparison of exogenous degrader-enhanced bioremediation with low-dose persulfate oxidation for polycyclic aromatichydrocarbon removal in alkaline soil: efficiency and influence on ecological health

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1733-x

摘要： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils are usually complex and characterized by a lack of nutrition and soil salinization, resulting in difficulties in soil remediation. In this study, bioaugmentation with a PAH-degrading Bacillus PheN7 (BA) and low-dose persulfate oxidation (PS), along with natural biodegradation, were utilized to remediate alkaline PAH-contaminated soil. The soil used in the study had a pH of 9.35, and the total PAH content was 568.8 ± 31.0 mg/kg dry soil. After 42 d of remediation, the degradation efficiency of PAHs was 96.72% and 93.88% using persulfate oxidation and bioaugmentation, respectively, whereas 38.66% of PAHs were degraded in natural attenuation (NA). Bacillus was the dominant genera throughout the process of bioremediation with the relative abundance of 79.3% on day 42 in the BA system, whereas, Alcanivorax was enriched and became the dominant genera in PS systems. In the meantime, PAH degradation genes were detected with remarkably higher level in the BA system than in PS system during the remediation. In addition to the degradation of contaminants, persulfate oxidation promotes microbial bioremediation efficiency mainly by lowering the pH to neutral and increasing the active phosphorus content in the soil. Microbial species and ecological niches were less reduced in the PS system than in the BA system. Collectively, persulfate oxidation had a better impact on the soil microbiome and is more suitable for long-term soil health than bioaugmentation through PheN7 addition.

关键词： Bioaugmentation     Low-dose persulfate oxidation     Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon     Remediation    

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Reduced kinetic mechanism of -heptane oxidation in modeling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation

ZHONG Beijing, XI Jun

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 326-332 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0047-9

摘要： A reduced mechanism, which could couple with the multidimensional computational fluid dynamics code for quantitative description of a reacting flow, was developed for chemical kinetic modeling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in an opposed-flow diffusion flame. The complete kinetic mechanism, which comprises 572 reactions and 108 species, was reduced to a simplified mechanism that includes only 83 reactions and 56 species through sensitivity analysis. The results computed via this reduced mechanism are nearly indistinguishable from those via the detailed mechanism, which demonstrate that the model based on this reduced mechanism can properly describe -heptane oxidation chemistry and quantitatively predict polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (such as benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene) formation in opposed-flow diffusion flames.

关键词： phenanthrene     multidimensional computational     sensitivity analysis     polycyclic     mechanism    

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Bioremediation of highly contaminated oilfield soil: Bioaugmentation for enhancing aromatic compounds

Jun QIAO, Chengdong ZHANG, Shuiming LUO, Wei CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 293-304 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0561-9

摘要： This study evaluated the effectiveness of different amendments—including a commercial NPK fertilizer, a humic substance (HS), an organic industrial waste (NovoGro), and a yeast-bacteria consortium—in the remediation of highly contaminated (up to 6% of total petroleum hydrocarbons) oilfield soils. The concentrations of hydrocarbon, soil toxicity, physicochemical properties of the soil, microbial population numbers, enzyme activities and microbial community structures were examined during the 90-d incubation. The results showed that the greatest degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) was observed with the biostimulation using mixture of NPK, HS and NovoGro, a treatment scheme that enhanced both dehydrogenase and lipase activities in soil. Introduction of exogenous hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (in addition to biostimulation with NPK, HS and NovoGro) had negligible effect on the removal of TPH, which was likely due to the competition between exogenous and autochthonous microorganisms. Nonetheless, the addition of exogenous yeast-bacteria consortium significantly enhanced the removal of the aromatic fraction of the petroleum hydrocarbons, thus detoxifying the soil. The effect of bioaugmentation on the removal of more recalcitrant petroleum hydrocarbon fraction was likely due to the synergistic effect of bacteria and fungi.

关键词： bioremediation     petroleum hydrocarbon     biostimulation     bioaugmentation    

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Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Kraft lignin with HZSM-5 zeolite for producing aromatic hydrocarbons

Xiangyu LI, Lu SU, Yujue WANG, Yanqing YU, Chengwen WANG, Xiaoliang LI, Zhihua WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 295-303 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0410-2

摘要： Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of Kraft lignins with HZSM-5 zeolite for producing aromatics was investigated using analytical pyrolysis methods. Two Kraft lignins were fast pyrolyzed in the absence and presence of HZSM-5 in a Curie-point pyrolyzer. Without the catalyst, fast pyrolysis of lignin predominantly produced phenols and guaiacols that were derived from the subunits of lignin. However, the presence of HZSM-5 changed the product distribution dramatically. As the SiO /Al O ratio of HZSM-5 decreased from 200 to 25 and the catalyst-to-lignin ratio increased from 1 to 20, the lignin-derived oxygenates progressively decreased to trace and the aromatics increased substantially. The aromatic yield increased considerably as the pyrolysis temperature increased from 500°C to 650°C, but then decreased with yet further increase of pyrolysis temperature. Under optimal reaction conditions, the aromatic yields were 2.0 wt.% and 5.2 wt.% for the two lignins that had effective hydrogen indexes of 0.08 and 0.35.

关键词： lignin     catalytic fast pyrolysis     HZSM-5     zeolite     aromatic hydrocarbon    

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Dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and microbial activity in a field soil planted with perennial

Dengqiang FU, Ying TENG, Yuanyuan SHEN, Mingming SUN, Chen TU, Yongming LUO, Zhengao LI, Peter CHRISTIE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 330-335 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0366-7

摘要： Dissipation and plant uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated agricultural soil planted with perennial ryegrass were investigated in a field experiment. After two seasons of grass cultivation the mean concentration of 12 PAHs in soil decreased by 23.4% compared with the initial soil. The 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-ring PAHs were dissipated by 30.9%, 25.5%, 21.2%, and 16.3% from the soil, respectively. Ryegrass shoots accumulated about 280 μg·kg , shoot dry matter biomass reached 2.48 × 10 kg·ha , and plant uptake accounted for about 0.99% of the decrease in PAHs in the soil. Significantly higher soil enzyme activities and microbial community functional diversity were observed in planted soil than that in the unplanted control. The results suggest that planting ryegrass may promote the dissipation of PAHs in long-term contaminated agricultural soil, and plant-promoted microbial degradation may be a main mechanism of phytoremediation.

关键词： perennial ryegrass     polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioremediation     plant uptake     soil microbial activity    

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中国古生代海相油气成藏特征

康玉柱

《中国工程科学》 2010年 第12卷 第5期   页码 11-17

摘要：

1970―1978年笔者在塔里木油气地质调研中首次提出古生代有发育的烃源岩，1984年沙参2井实现了古生代海相油田的首次重大突破。1992年通过多个古生代油气田深入研究建立了古生代海相油气成藏理论。其理论内涵：叠加复合盆地成藏，多时代多层系生油，多期成藏，多时代多类型储盖组合，多成藏模式，油气主要分布在古隆起、古斜坡、断裂带和不整合面附近。

关键词： 古生代     海相油气田     盆地     隆起     坳陷     油气分布    

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Enhancing the aromatic selectivity of cyclohexane aromatization by CO2 coupling

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1801-1808 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2325-9

摘要： Improving the aromatic selectivity in the alkane aromatization process is of great importance for its practical utilization but challenge to make because the high H/C ratio of alkanes would lead to a serious hydrogen transfer process and a large amount of light alkanes. Herein, CO2 is introduced into the cyclohexane conversion process on the HZSM-5 zeolite, which can improve the aromatic selectivity. By optimizing the reaction conditions, an improved aromatic (benzene, toluene, xylene, and C9+) selectivity of 48.2% can be obtained at the conditions of 2.7 MPa (CO2), 450 °C, and 1.7 h−1, which is better than that without CO2 (aromatic selectivity = 43.2%). In situ transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra illustrate that many oxygenated chemical intermediates (e.g., carboxylic acid, anhydride, unsaturated aldehydes/ketones or ketene) would be formed during the cyclohexane conversion process in the presence of CO2. 13C isotope labeling experimental results demonstrate that CO2 can enter into the aromatics through the formation of oxygenated chemical intermediates and thereby improve the aromatic selectivity. This study may open a green, economic, and promising way to improve the aromatic selectivity for alkane aromatization process.

关键词： aromatics     carbon dioxide     aromatization     coupling reaction     ZSM-5 zeolite    

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Application of probabilistic risk assessment at a coking plant site contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic

XIA Tianxiang,JIANG Lin,JIA Xiaoyang,ZHONG Maosheng,LIANG Jing

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 441-450 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0572-6

摘要： Application of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) and Deterministic Risk Assessment (DRA) at a coking plant site was compared. By DRA, Hazard Quotient (HQ) following exposure to Naphthalene (Nap) and Incremental Life Cancer Risk (ILCR) following exposure to Benzo(a)pyrene (Bap) were 1.87 and 2.12 × 10 . PRA revealed valuable information regarding the possible distribution of risk, and risk estimates of DRA located at the 99.59th and 99.76th percentiles in the risk outputs of PRA, which indicated that DRA overestimated the risk. Cleanup levels corresponding acceptable HQ level of 1 and ILCR level of 10 were also calculated for both DRA and PRA. Nap and Bap cleanup levels were 192.85 and 0.14 mg·kg by DRA, which would result in only 0.25% and 0.06% of the exposed population to have a risk higher than the acceptable risk, according to the outputs of PRA. The application of PRA on cleanup levels derivation would lift the cleanup levels 1.9 times for Nap and 2.4 times for Bap than which derived by DRA. For this coking plant site, the remediation scale and cost will be reduced in a large portion once the method of PRA is used. Sensitivity analysis was done by calculating the contribution to variance for each exposure parameter and it was found that contaminant concentration in the soil ( ), exposure duration ( ), total hours spent outdoor per day ( ), soil ingestion rate ( ), the air breathing rate ( ) and bodyweight ( ) were the most important parameters for risk and cleanup levels calculations.

关键词： Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA)     a coking plant     risk     cleanup level     sensitivity analysis     polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)    

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Migration and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bioretention systems with different media:

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-024-1802-9

摘要：

● Bioretention systems showed > 92% load reduction rates of PAHs.

关键词： Bioretention     Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons     HYDRUS-1D     Model simulation     Migration    

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Enrichment and transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through dust aerosol generation from

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1610-7

摘要：

● Compositional patterns of PAHs in dust aerosol vary from soil during dust generation.

关键词： Dust aerosols     Enrichment factors (EFs)     Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)    

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Effect of ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine on the structure of Aβ protein

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1615-2

摘要：

● B[a]P, nicotine and phenanthrene molecules altered the secondary structure of Aβ42.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons     Nicotine     toxicology     Aβ42 peptide     Alzheimer’s disease     Molecular dynamics simulations     Environmental pollution    

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中国非常规油气的潜力和发展

胡文瑞,翟光明,李景明

《中国工程科学》 2010年 第12卷 第5期   页码 25-29

摘要：

概述了国外和我国非常规油气资源开发利用状况，分析了我国发展非常规油气存在的困难，提出了加快发展我国非常规油气的对策与建议。

关键词： 非常规油气     勘探开发     技术     潜力     对策    

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Persistent free radicals in humin under redox conditions and their impact in transforming polycyclic aromatic

Hanzhong Jia, Yafang Shi, Xiaofeng Nie, Song Zhao, Tiecheng Wang, Virender K. Sharma

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1252-y

摘要： Abstract • Regulation of redox conditions promotes the generation of free radicals on HM. • HM-PFRs can be fractionated into active and inactive types depending on stability. • The newly produced PFRs readily release electrons to oxygen and generate ROS. • PFR-induced ROS mediate the transformation of organic contaminants adsorbed on HM. The role of humic substance-associated persistent free radicals (PFRs) in the fate of organic contaminants under various redox conditions remains unknown. This study examined the characterization of original metal-free peat humin (HM), and HM treated with varying concentrations of H2O2 and L-ascorbic acid (VC) (assigned as H2O2-HM and VC-HM). The concentration of PFRs in HM increased with the addition of VC/H2O2 at concentrations less than 0.08 M. The evolution of PFRs in HM under different environmental conditions (e.g., oxic/anoxic and humidity) was investigated. Two types of PFRs were detected in HM: a relatively stable radical existed in the original sample, and the other type, which was generated by redox treatments, was relatively unstable. The spin densities of VC/H2O2-HM readily returned to the original value under relatively high humidity and oxic conditions. During this process, the HM-associated “unstable” free radicals released an electron to O2, inducing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS, i.e., •OH and •O2−). The generated ROS promoted the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on the radical quenching measurements. The transformation rates followed the order naphthalene>phenanthrene>anthracene>benzo[a]pyrene. Our results provide valuable insight into the HM-induced transformation of organic contaminants under natural conditions.

关键词： Humic substance     Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)     Persistent free radicals (PFRs)     Redox     Reactive oxygen species (ROS)    

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中国石化非常规油气资源潜力及勘探进展

马永生,冯建辉,牟泽辉,赵培荣,包书景,王烽

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第6期   页码 22-30

摘要：

中国石油化工集团有限公司（简称中国石化）矿权区内拥有较为丰富的非常规油气资源，煤层气可勘探面积为10.19万km2，煤层埋深小于2 000 m的煤层气地质资源量为11.02万亿m3。页岩气可供勘探面积为17.5万km2，初步估算页岩气地质资源量为15.9万亿m3。页岩油勘探面积为11.76万km2，具有较大的资源基础及潜力。中国石化自2004年开始关注非常规油气资源，先后启动了页岩油气、煤层气等非常规油气资源的研究和勘探工作。目前在泌阳凹陷页岩油勘探泌页HF-1水平井分段压裂后获日产油23.6 m3；元坝地区多口陆相钻井测试获得高产气流，建南地区建页HF-1井日产气12 300 m3；延川南区块煤层气已探明地质储量为106.47亿m3，多口井排采获工业气流，初步形成了中国石化非常规油气资源多类型、多阶段的勘探开发格局。

关键词： 中国石化     非常规油气     油气资源     勘探    

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轻烃分析录井技术在海拉尔盆地的应用

吴长金,马昌伟,张可操

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第4期   页码 49-57

摘要：

为适应海拉尔盆地快速勘探开发工作的需要，有效解决在快速钻井（钻井提速）条件下，岩屑录井、地化录井等依托岩屑样品发现油气显示以及评价储层所面临的技术难题，按照优选先进适用录井技术的要求，在海拉尔盆地进行了轻烃分析录井技术应用。笔者阐述了轻烃分析录井技术的原理和特点，并对该项技术的实际应用效果进行了分析，为轻烃分析录井技术的推广应用奠定了坚实基础。

关键词： 海拉尔盆地     轻烃分析     录井技术     油气发现     储层评价    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Comparison of exogenous degrader-enhanced bioremediation with low-dose persulfate oxidation for polycyclic aromatichydrocarbon removal in alkaline soil: efficiency and influence on ecological health

期刊论文

Reduced kinetic mechanism of -heptane oxidation in modeling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation

ZHONG Beijing, XI Jun

期刊论文

Bioremediation of highly contaminated oilfield soil: Bioaugmentation for enhancing aromatic compounds

Jun QIAO, Chengdong ZHANG, Shuiming LUO, Wei CHEN

期刊论文

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Kraft lignin with HZSM-5 zeolite for producing aromatic hydrocarbons

Xiangyu LI, Lu SU, Yujue WANG, Yanqing YU, Chengwen WANG, Xiaoliang LI, Zhihua WANG

期刊论文

Dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and microbial activity in a field soil planted with perennial

Dengqiang FU, Ying TENG, Yuanyuan SHEN, Mingming SUN, Chen TU, Yongming LUO, Zhengao LI, Peter CHRISTIE

期刊论文

中国古生代海相油气成藏特征

康玉柱

期刊论文

Enhancing the aromatic selectivity of cyclohexane aromatization by CO2 coupling

期刊论文

Application of probabilistic risk assessment at a coking plant site contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic

XIA Tianxiang,JIANG Lin,JIA Xiaoyang,ZHONG Maosheng,LIANG Jing

期刊论文

Migration and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bioretention systems with different media:

期刊论文

Enrichment and transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through dust aerosol generation from

期刊论文

Effect of ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine on the structure of Aβ protein

期刊论文

中国非常规油气的潜力和发展

胡文瑞,翟光明,李景明

期刊论文

Persistent free radicals in humin under redox conditions and their impact in transforming polycyclic aromatic

Hanzhong Jia, Yafang Shi, Xiaofeng Nie, Song Zhao, Tiecheng Wang, Virender K. Sharma

期刊论文

中国石化非常规油气资源潜力及勘探进展

马永生,冯建辉,牟泽辉,赵培荣,包书景,王烽

期刊论文

轻烃分析录井技术在海拉尔盆地的应用

吴长金,马昌伟,张可操

期刊论文